What this work contributes
Reviews privacy nutrition label research from 2009 to 2024 using qualitative coding of 78 papers. The study maps the communities, goals, and methods represented in the literature, identifies gaps, and provides a dataset with qualitative codes for further analysis.
When to read this work
Read this when designing a study of privacy labels, reviewing how privacy practices are communicated, or looking for a starting dataset and research gaps in usable privacy.
Topics: Privacy nutrition labels · Usable privacy · Human-computer interaction · Literature review
Abstract
Privacy nutrition labels have emerged as a compelling alternative to lengthy, complex privacy policies for effectively communicating privacy information. In recent years, research on privacy nutrition labels has expanded significantly. However, a literature review of privacy nutrition labels is still lacking. To address this gap, we created and analyzed a dataset of privacy nutrition label papers from 2009 to 2024. We qualitatively coded the papers published in the past 15 years, and revealed characteristics of existing privacy labels research. Our findings highlight areas that have received more attention and those that remain underserved. Our analysis also shed light on common methodologies in existing studies and the different communities of stakeholders. We conclude by reflecting on the gaps in existing research and discussing where future work can focus on.
Cite this work
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@inproceedings{bhusal2025hcii,
title = {Privacy Nutrition Labels: Promise, Practice, and Paradoxes in Communicating Privacy},
author = {Bhusal, Bishnu and Ma, Yuanye and Chadha, Rohit},
booktitle = {HCI International 2025 Posters},
series = {Communications in Computer and Information Science},
pages = {18--28},
year = {2025},
publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-94159-7_3},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-94159-7_3}
}